Laptop Repairing Core Concepts
1) Core concepts (theory you must master) Voltage, current, resistance Voltage (V) = electrical potential difference. Current (I) = flow of charge (Amps). Resistance (R) = opposition to current (Ohms). Ohm’s law: V = I × R V = I \times R V = I × R — fundamental for diagnosing circuits. Power and energy Power P = V × I P = V \times I P = V × I (watts). Useful to check if components are overheated or overloaded. DC vs AC DC (direct): fixed polarity (e.g., battery). AC (alternating): polarity reverses periodically (mains). Understand rectification (AC → DC) and smoothing. Passive components Resistors: limit current, form dividers. Capacitors: store charge, filter and couple signals; defined by capacitance (Farads). Inductors/Coils: oppose change in current; used in power supplies. Active components Diodes: allow current one way; used in rectifiers and protection. Transistors (BJT, MOSFET): amplify or switch — crucial...