Online Fraud, Cyber Bullying, Privacy Protection

-

 

🌐 Online Fraud, Cyber Bullying & Privacy Protection

🟢 1️⃣ ONLINE FRAUD

📘 Definition

Online Fraud is a cybercrime where criminals use the internet to deceive people for financial gain or personal benefit.

It involves cheating victims through fake websites, emails, social media, or digital transactions.

📘 Common Types of Online Fraud

1️⃣ Phishing Fraud

Fake emails or websites designed to steal login credentials or bank details.

2️⃣ Online Banking Fraud

Unauthorized access to bank accounts to steal money.

3️⃣ Credit/Debit Card Fraud

Stealing card details for illegal transactions.

4️⃣ UPI Fraud

Fraudsters trick victims into approving fake payment requests.

5️⃣ E-commerce Fraud

Fake shopping websites or sellers that take money but do not deliver products.

6️⃣ Investment Scam

Fake crypto, stock, or trading platforms promising high returns.

7️⃣ Lottery/Prize Scam

Fake messages claiming you won a prize and asking for fees.

📘 Techniques Used in Online Fraud

  • Fake websites

  • Social engineering

  • OTP theft

  • Malware

  • SIM swap fraud

  • Identity theft

📘 Warning Signs of Online Fraud

  • Urgent messages

  • Too good to be true offers

  • Asking for OTP or PIN

  • Suspicious links

  • Unverified payment requests

📘 Prevention Measures

  • Never share OTP or PIN

  • Enable two-factor authentication

  • Use secure websites (HTTPS)

  • Avoid public Wi-Fi for banking

  • Verify before clicking links

  • Use official apps only

📘 Legal Provisions (India)

Punishable under:

  • IT Act 2000

  • Indian Penal Code (IPC)

  • Cyber Crime Laws

🔴 2️⃣ CYBER BULLYING

📘 Definition

Cyber Bullying is the use of digital platforms to harass, threaten, embarrass, or harm someone emotionally.

It happens through:

  • Social media

  • Messaging apps

  • Gaming platforms

  • Email

📘 Types of Cyber Bullying

1️⃣ Harassment

Sending repeated abusive messages.

2️⃣ Defamation

Spreading false information online.

3️⃣ Impersonation

Creating fake profiles to damage reputation.

4️⃣ Cyber Stalking

Repeated online monitoring and threats.

5️⃣ Exclusion

Intentionally excluding someone from online groups.

6️⃣ Doxxing

Publishing private information without consent.

📘 Effects of Cyber Bullying

  • Anxiety

  • Depression

  • Low self-esteem

  • Fear

  • Academic problems

  • Suicidal thoughts (in extreme cases)

📘 Prevention of Cyber Bullying

  • Do not respond to bullies

  • Block and report them

  • Save evidence (screenshots)

  • Use privacy settings

  • Inform parents/teachers

  • Report to cyber crime cell

📘 Legal Action (India)

Punishable under:

  • IT Act 2000

  • IPC sections related to harassment and defamation

🔵 3️⃣ PRIVACY PROTECTION

📘 Definition

Privacy Protection refers to safeguarding personal information from unauthorized access, misuse, or disclosure.

📘 What is Personal Data?

  • Name

  • Address

  • Phone number

  • Aadhaar number

  • Bank details

  • Biometric data

  • Location data

📘 Types of Privacy

1️⃣ Information Privacy

Protection of personal data.

2️⃣ Communication Privacy

Protection of emails, calls, messages.

3️⃣ Online Privacy

Protection while browsing internet.

📘 Common Privacy Threats

  • Data breaches

  • Spyware

  • Identity theft

  • Tracking cookies

  • Public Wi-Fi snooping

  • Social media oversharing

📘 Privacy Protection Measures

🔐 Strong Passwords

Use complex and unique passwords.

🔐 Two-Factor Authentication (2FA)

Adds extra security layer.

🔐 Privacy Settings

Limit who can see your posts.

🔐 Secure Browsing

Use HTTPS websites.

🔐 Antivirus & Firewall

Protect devices from malware.

🔐 Avoid Oversharing

Do not share sensitive details online.

📘 Data Protection Laws (India)

  • IT Act 2000

  • Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023

  • Section 43A (Data protection)

📊 Comparison Table

TopicPurposeTargetImpact
Online FraudFinancial gainIndividuals/BusinessesMonetary loss
Cyber BullyingEmotional harmIndividualsMental stress
Privacy ViolationData misuseAnyoneIdentity theft

🎓 Short Exam Definitions

Online Fraud: Internet-based deception for financial gain.

Cyber Bullying: Harassment or abuse using digital platforms.

Privacy Protection: Safeguarding personal data from unauthorized access.

🔥 Important Exam Keywords

  • Identity Theft

  • Data Breach

  • 2FA

  • Cyber Stalking

  • Social Engineering

  • OTP Fraud

  • Digital Privacy

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Introduction to Computer

-
Image
Computers are electronic devices that are designed to process, store, and retrieve data. They are used for a wide variety of purposes, from personal computing to complex scientific simulations and industrial automation. A computer consists of various hardware components, including a central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage devices, input/output (I/O) devices such as keyboards, mice, and displays, and various other peripherals. Computers communicate with each other over networks, which are interconnected groups of computers that share resources and information. The internet is a global network that connects millions of computers around the world and enables communication and information sharing on an unprecedented scale. The field of computer science is concerned with the study of computers and computational systems, including their design, development, and application. It encompasses many subfields, including artificial intelligence, computer graphics, databases, programming lang...
Read more

History of Computer

-
Image
  History of Computer Topics  Definition of computer  Earliest computer  Computer History  Computer Generations Definition of Computer  Computer is a programmable machine.  Computer is a machine that manipulates data according to a list of instructions.  Computer is any device which aids humans in performing various kinds of computations or calculations.  Definition of Computer Three principles characteristic of computer:  It responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner.  It can execute a pre-recorded list of instructions.  It can quickly store and retrieve large amounts of data.  Earliest Computer  Originally calculations were computed by humans, whose job title was computers.  These human computers were typically engaged in the calculation of a mathematical expression.  The calculations of this period were specialized and expensive, requiring years of training in mathematics.  T...
Read more

Computer Generation

-
Image
 There are five generations of computer:  First generation– 1946 - 1958  Second generation– 1959 - 1964  Third generation– 1965 - 1970  Fourth generation– 1971 - today  Fifth generation– Today to future The First Generation   The first computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory, and were often enormous, taking up entire rooms.  They were very expensive to operate and in addition to using a great deal of electricity, generated a lot of heat, which was often the cause of malfunctions. The Second Generation   Transistors replaced vacuum tubes and ushered in the second generation of computers.  One transistor replaced the equivalent of 40 vacuum tubes.    Allowing computers to become smaller, faster, cheaper, more energy-efficient and more reliable.  Still generated a great deal of heat that can damage the computer. The Third Generation  The development of the integrated circuit was ...
Read more