Preparing a mini-project (Report on network scanning & threat report)

 

🛡️ Mini Project

📡 Network Scanning & Threat Analysis Report

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1️⃣ Project Title 🎓

Network Scanning and Threat Assessment of a Sample Lab Network

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2️⃣ Objective 🎯

• To perform network scanning on a test environment

• To identify open ports and running services

• To detect potential vulnerabilities

• To prepare a structured threat analysis report

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3️⃣ Tools Used 🛠️

• Nmap 🔎 – Network discovery & port scanning

• Wireshark 📡 – Packet analysis

• VirtualBox 🖥️ – Lab setup

• Optional: OWASP ZAP 🕷️ – Web vulnerability scanning

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4️⃣ Lab Setup 🧪

Environment:

• Host Machine (Windows/Linux) 💻

• Virtual Machine (Kali Linux / Ubuntu) 🐧

• Test Target Machine (Metasploitable or local server) 🎯

Network Type:

• Internal Network / NAT (Safe Lab Mode) 🔒

⚠️ All testing performed in authorized lab environment.

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5️⃣ Methodology 🔄

Step 1: Network Discovery 🛰️

Command:

nmap -sn 192.168.1.0/24

Purpose:

• Identify active devices in the network

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Step 2: Port Scanning 🚪

Command:

nmap -sS -p- 192.168.1.10

Purpose:

• Identify open ports

• Detect exposed services

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Step 3: Service & Version Detection 🔍

Command:

nmap -sV 192.168.1.10

Purpose:

• Identify software versions

• Detect outdated services

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Step 4: OS Detection 💻

Command:

nmap -O 192.168.1.10

Purpose:

• Identify operating system

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Step 5: Packet Analysis 📡

Using Wireshark:

• Capture traffic during scan

• Analyze TCP handshake

• Observe suspicious traffic

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6️⃣ Sample Findings 📊

Port	Service	Risk Level	Description
22	SSH	Medium ⚠️	Remote login service
80	HTTP	High 🔥	Unencrypted web traffic
3306	MySQL	High 🔥	Database exposed to network

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7️⃣ Threat Analysis 🚨

🔴 High Risk

• Open database port (3306) accessible externally

• HTTP running without HTTPS

Impact:

• Data leakage 💥

• Credential theft 🔓

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🟡 Medium Risk

• SSH open with weak password policy

Impact:

• Brute-force attack possibility 💣

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8️⃣ Recommendations 🛡️

✅ Close unused ports
✅ Implement firewall rules
✅ Enforce strong passwords
✅ Enable HTTPS (SSL/TLS) 🔐
✅ Restrict database access to internal IP only
✅ Regular vulnerability scanning

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9️⃣ Conclusion 📌

The network scan identified multiple open services, including high-risk exposures.
Proper firewall configuration, encryption, and access control policies are required to reduce attack surface.

Regular security assessments improve overall network security posture. 🛡️📈

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🔟 Future Improvements 🚀

• Implement IDS/IPS

• Perform vulnerability scanning

• Conduct penetration testing

• Continuous monitoring