Data Types in C (int, float, char, double, void)

 

💻 Data Types in C (int, float, char, double, void)

In C programming (created by Dennis Ritchie), data types tell the computer:
👉 what kind of data you are storing
👉 how much memory to allocate

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🔹 What is a Data Type? 🤔

A data type defines:

• Type of value (number, character, etc.)
• Memory size
• Range of values

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🔹 Main Data Types in C

🔸 1. int (Integer) 🔢

Used to store whole numbers

✅ Example:

int a = 10;

👉 Stores values like: -5, 0, 100

📌 Size: usually 4 bytes

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🔸 2. float (Decimal) 🌊

Used to store decimal (fraction) numbers

✅ Example:

float price = 99.5;

👉 Stores values like: 3.14, 0.5

📌 Size: 4 bytes
📌 Precision: up to ~6 decimal digits

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🔸 3. char (Character) 🔤

Used to store single character

✅ Example:

char grade = 'A';

👉 Stores: 'A', 'b', '1'

📌 Size: 1 byte

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🔸 4. double (Double Precision) 🎯

Used to store large decimal numbers with high precision

✅ Example:

double pi = 3.1415926535;

📌 Size: 8 bytes
📌 More accurate than float

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🔸 5. void (No Value) 🚫

Used when no value is needed

✅ Example:

void display() {
    printf("Hello");
}

👉 Means:

• Function does not return any value

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🔹 Quick Comparison Table 🆚

Data Type	Use	Example	Size
int	Whole numbers	10	4 bytes
float	Decimal numbers	3.14	4 bytes
char	Single character	'A'	1 byte
double	Large decimals	3.14159	8 bytes
void	No value	—	0

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🔹 Simple Program Example 🧠

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
    int a = 10;
    float b = 5.5;
    char c = 'A';
    double d = 3.14159;

    printf("%d %f %c %lf", a, b, c, d);
    return 0;
}

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🔹 Format Specifiers 📢

Used in printf() to print values:

Data Type	Format
int	%d
float	%f
char	%c
double	%lf

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🔹 Final Concept 🔥

👉 Data types decide:

• what you store
• how much memory is used

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📝 Summary

• int → whole numbers 🔢
• float → small decimals 🌊
• double → large/precise decimals 🎯
• char → single character 🔤
• void → no value 🚫